Teacher Pay, Allowable Growth, and Logic.

In college, I was lucky to take one of the more challenging courses from a gifted professor of Philosophy. Her humor, approachable personality, and rigorous expectations combined to create a teaching style that made her courses exciting to experience but far from easy. From the course simply titled, "Logic" I took away some helpful tools for critical thinking.  One component of the course that stands out is the learning of logical fallacies and syllogisms.

Recently, Iowa's Governor Terry Branstad revealed a little sneak peak at his condition of the state address. One point that stuck in the ears of many Iowa educators was the statement that funding for Allowable Growth, the funds used by schools to increase budgets to cover necessary operations, would not be increased unless Branstad's proposed reform package passes this legislative session. Read the Des Moines Register article here.

The reasons are many for why Allowable Growth and education reform should not be tied together. For one, holding hostage the funds that have been stagnant for the past two years would only cause further harm to districts already hard pressed for cash. If it is assumed that budgets will not be allowed to grow, then the need to cut staff, programs, and other areas becomes not only a fear but a reality. The Iowa Senate, with a Democratic majority, voted along party lines and a narrow victory emerged for schools as a 4% bump was approved. We will see what the Iowa House (Republican majority) does with it.

Before being labeled as a pro-union, 20th-Century-minded opponent of Branstad, let me say- there are elements of the reform package that I think are great. I believe offering different career paths for teachers is an excellent way to keep teachers in the profession who might have felt the only way to grow professionally was a move to administration, which might not fit the individual. Likewise, I agree with the proposal to raise teacher salaries. However a point of contention with me is the fallacy that if we raise teacher salaries we will automatically recruit the best candidates for teaching positions. Here is the logic we are presented with:

All of the best employees choose high paying jobs
If teaching were a high paying job, the best employees would choose it

The faulty logic behind this belief is rooted in good intentions to strengthen the teaching force. Just because someone may be an expert at chemistry does not necessarily guarantee that they have the dispositions to be a quality educator or the desire to enter the classroom.

If pay is the only reason we do something, we eventually grow tired of the work and the money is not enough to keep us happy as we suffer through. You take a job for the money.  You choose a career because there is no other place you could work happily. This is what being a teacher is. It is a career...not a job at which you work to collect a paycheck, leave work at work, live for the weekend, and dread coming back to on Monday. Are there rough days? Sure. Do kids wear you out but Christmas break? You bet. There is more to it though...which keeps you coming back. I get paid what I get paid. I work just as hard now as I did when I made $20,000 less in a private school. Is more money nice? Yes. However, it did not make me work harder than I previously had.  Coming to a public school helped cover the expenses that arise with a growing family and offered some experiences to round out my skills as I desire a move to administration.

I understand the jump to blame stagnant test scores on teachers and teacher prep programs.  However, the system needing a renovation is not reason enough to penalize districts that are doing great work to improve and provide quality learning each day. Here is the hope that we can not only move forward on real and necessary reform but also give schools the money they need to operate and conduct business.

My Administrative Philosophy: Be the Change

An effective administrator must be, among many things: visible in the school and community, a skilled communicator, willing to lead challenging innovations, collaborative, and knowledgeable about curriculum, instruction, and assessment.  

As an administrator in your school, you can expect to see me in the classrooms monitoring and evaluating the learning environment.  This is critical to developing strong relationships that I feel are important to creating a successful professional community.  You would see me at athletic and arts events to support the students, coaches, and directors and to further develop relationships with the people who make the school such an exciting place to be.

Effective communication is essential for any organization.  As the lead learner within your school, I will communicate with staff, students, parents, and the community on a consistent basis.  Staff can expect a weekly email newsletter regarding calendar items, detention supervision, and hallway supervision.  You can find an example under ISSL Standard 2.b.  Parents, students, and the community can expect a monthly and quarterly newsletter, in either email or print, regarding the life of the school.  Students can expect to see me in their classes as well as at grade level meetings in which we will discuss topics such as GPA, test data, college planning, and course registration, to name a few.  Students and staff will also be aware of my "Open Door" policy, inviting them to visit with me on important issues.  Keeping student achievement at the forefront of the minds of our community members will be my focus.  

As the nature of education changes, there are many opportunities on the horizon that will require leaders to understand how to take a leading role in making the change process as seamless as possible.  This will include embracing the changes and understanding how change impacts an organization in order to assist in moving the school forward.

Understanding relationships and working with staff, parents, students, and shareholders is a priority for me as an administrator.  I will collaborate with my colleagues and gather their input to use when making important decisions regarding policies and procedures.  I would create and maintain a strong staff leadership team and empower the team to study test data, plan professional development activities, and assist me in meeting the needs of the learning community.  

Finally, as your lead learner, I will continue to grow in my understanding and involvement in curriculum, instruction, and assessment.  Through maintaining my membership in professional organizations, keeping informed on the latest research regarding education, and attending conferences and institutes with staff, I will assist the school community in growing as a center where learning and the exchange of ideas is the central focus for creating world class thinkers, responsible citizens, and leaders for the 21st century.  

The Educator as Chiropractor: Making Adjustments for Alignment

Summative Assessment. Two big words that cause a collective groan by students...if they know what it means.  By now my students know that it's fancy teacher language for "test." In my classroom, as in many, there are a number of formative assessments coupled with guided and independent practice, as well as opportunities to demonstrate skill before arriving at the summative assessment. The little adjustments made along the journey are integral in terms of providing quality instruction...but that is likely not new or innovative.

Inspecting your instruction and the elements of your lesson design can provide a clearer understanding of how well you are aligned to the intended curriculum.  Using the revised Bloom's Taxonomy Table by Anderson and found in A Taxonomy of Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, you can easily plot your learning target (objectives, learning goals, etc.), the activities you do to achieve mastery of the target, and the assessment. A great model of this table is available from Iowa State University's Center for Excellence in Learning and Teaching. Another great resource is Bloom's Digital Taxonomy from Andrew Churches. Both resources are helpful in guiding where you place the learning target and the activities on the taxonomy table. 

For example, my learning target "I will be able to analyze bias in mass media through viewing commercials and reading articles" falls under the "Analyze" component of the Cognitive Process Dimension. In my mind, that is the easy part. To verify though, I look at the indicators for the "Analyze" section. I notice the cognitive process is "Attributing" as it falls under the qualification of "...students ascertaining the point of view, bias, values or intention underlying communications"(Anderson, 82). Now I need to figure out where this learning target falls on the Knowledge Dimension. My first inclination is to suggest that this objective falls in to the Conceptual Knowledge area, specifically- Knowledge of Classifications and Categories. My reasoning for that is students were to know the concept of bias. However, after looking closer at the second part of the target there is a specific task "...through viewing commercials and reading articles." This changes  my final analysis and I would say it should be categorized as Procedural Knowledge, specifically Subject-Specific Techniques and Methods as it involves the methods for evaluating bias in specific settings.  There are specific elements you look for to determine if something is biased and therefore there is a method to defining and understanding bias.

Your objective will fall in to one cell of the table.  However, meeting that objective will require some different teaching methods and activities, so the complexity of the table increases as you see the number of ways students are asked to think and grow. You will likely move around the Knowledge Dimension and the Cognitive Process Dimension.  Which is good...you are asking students to think and learn in more than just one cell, likely causing better understanding and greater learning but the student.  This allows you to also see if you are doing much in terms of higher order thinking activities.

SNAP, CRACK, POP. You are performing chiropractic care to your instructional methods. You are adjusting instruction to effectively meet the needs of your learners.  Maybe you are too focused on the factual knowledge side of things.  Perhaps you notice that you spend more time on procedural knowledge than anything else and you could add in some metacognitive activities or even some conceptual knowledge before automatically dwelling in the procedural world.

Whatever the case, when we adjust, align, assess and use more than just formative assessment to make adjustments to our instruction and engage in meaningful, reflective practices- everyone feels better. You'll likely have less headaches, too.


Reference
Anderson, Lorin W., and David R. Krathwohl. A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Longman, 2001. Print.

The Notion of Teacher Leaders

A component of Iowa Governor Terry Branstad's education plan is the development of a five tier professional classification system.  You can page through the report developed by the Task Force on Teacher Leadership and Compensation here. While there are a wide array of opinions regarding the plan and its details, one element is intriguing- especially to an aspiring school administrator.  The concept of the teacher leader and a tiered system of increasing responsibility may be the ticket to alleviating some of the time constraints and clustered schedules hoisted upon school administrators. While the focal point of the report and the recommendations emphasizes funding and teacher pay, a rather sticky issue to say the least, this teacher leader concept shines nicely, especially when considering the use of retired educators to add value and best practice knowledge to the discussion.

Within the scope of improving the craft of our profession, there is an additional focus on recruiting and retaining excellent teachers. The system we have now is not perfect.  A new teacher's success tends to be based on a couple of walk-throughs and less than a handful of formal observations. This is not the case in all districts- some have quality mentoring and induction programs. However, in my experience and discussion with teaching pals, I find the former to be true in many places. Through implementing teacher leaders in buildings and districts, we have the opportunity to have many eyes and ears in the classroom to help nurture and encourage new and practicing educators in doing what is best for kids.

As it stands now, many teachers who desire a leadership position must leave the classroom to serve as an instructional coach, a facilitator, or an administrator...leaving them away from the majority of kids throughout the day. Often, the best teachers leave the classroom to take on those positions because their knowledge and methods are appreciated and should be on display as an instructional leader. The proposed tiered system allows for teachers to find a pathway that is suited for their individual interests and career goals without needing to leave the classroom fully.

Some questions still remain. What qualifications make me a good fit for which pathway? Who decides where I am placed? How will the State fund this initiative without reducing local control? How can we empower career teachers to be leaders in their own way regardless of title or designation? Will this help kids learn and succeed in a changing world.

The last question is the most important. How will what is changed- teacher pay, classification, licensure, whatever... how will it guarantee that our students are positioned for success beyond our schoolyard or Wi-Fi signal?

Persuasion, Media, the Election, and 8th Graders.

Whether or not you believe that this election is critical for our country, it should not be ignored that this election season presents a plethora of opportunities to engage students in thinking critically about how this whole democracy thing works.

In my 8th grade Language Arts course, my students are in the process of analyzing the influence of media in our society.  Luckily, this intersects marvelously with the campaign season and we have been provided a number of commercials to discuss and analyze. What has caught me off guard is how interested my students are in the election and the issues surrounding it.  Some are quite informed on the topics, likely from listening to what their parents say, but informed and opinionated nonetheless. This is the cool part about teaching...you get to see students construct their own beliefs and you have the challenge of facilitating a supportive environment in which students can politely discuss important issues with passion.

This analysis of media and persuasion has led us to a fun project wherein we are writing a persuasive letter to a political candidate. I am pushing them to research and load their persuasive toolboxes with facts, statistics, expert opinions, and examples of how and why this issue is important and what the candidate can do to address the topic.  These students are even analyzing where the candidates stand on the issue and imaging what that would mean if said candidate won the election.

In a time where we talk about rigor and relevance in the classroom, I find no better way to achieve both than to put the students in the moment and challenge them to not only explain why their issue is important but defend it and create a scenario that examines the possibilities of what could happen if the issue is ignored. Talk about higher order thinking! We are using technology to research and collaborate and my hope is that these students will grow not only as persuasive writers but as citizens through examining a key topic in our country and finding solutions to solve the issue.

Learning Targets:
-I will be able to identify and use the eight persuasive techniques.
-I will be able to classify ads and PSA's by the techniques.
-I will be able to create an argument for an issue that is important to our community, state, or country.

Essential Questions:
-How are we influenced by media?
-How are we able to influence others?

Want more info? Let me know...email

The Art of Leadership: Cultivating an Environment of Excellence

There are some rudimentary concepts we can acknowledge when it comes to effective leadership. I have started class discussions with the simple prompt, "A good leader..." Students readily fill in the blank and as we discuss, I eventually draw our attention to the verbs and adjectives that have emerged. At some point I offer to them this nugget, "Whoa, I said good leaders...you are giving me definitions of excellent leaders." They ponder momentarily how that scoundrel teacher has gotten them again, and we move on. Not. We talk about the difference between being good (which is a fluffy word and has no real meaning) and being excellent (a little less fluff).

 In my mind, educational leaders need to be excellent. Simple to say, right? After all, "excellent" is one of those words we throw around in education all the time; priding our district or building on the "Tradition of Excellence" or "Excellence for All." It has such a rich magnetism...we all are drawn to the desire of being excellent. True excellence cannot be feigned because it is incapable of being hidden. In these places, excellence isn't a slogan or sales tactic, it is an operating norm. Not that any school is going to change its motto to "Where Mediocrity Reigns Supreme." Sadly, on occasion, that is the cultural reality of the school. So how do you foster excellence? After all, it doesn't just happen because you have a caring staff who like what they do and are good at it. Excellence isn't necessarily present because you have the best standardized test scores in the state. Excellence is nurtured and cultivated by doing the right work, with the right people, at the right time.

Truly excellent schools promote learning environments that not only allow, but encourage teachers to take responsible risks for the sake of enriching and empowering students in order for them to take control of their learning. If your school doesn't allow teacher autonomy and empowerment, you likely have a sour culture.   When teachers don't feel trusted to make the right decisions, it negatively impacts the learning environment. If teachers aren't excitedly sharing something they tried that enhanced learning for all students, something is wrong. The principal has enormous weight in establishing what the staff and students are excited about, believe in, and do with fidelity. If you believe you have the best staff, who are there for all the right reasons, find ways to capitalize on that. Provide the time, tools, and other necessary resources to help growth happen.

If I encourage teachers to try something different, what do I do when it doesn't work? The best way to show teachers that you believe in them is to watch them in action and give them prompt and effective feedback. Tell them what you saw students engaged by. Offer advice for ways to tweak the lesson so that all learners are engaged. You can stay on top of the classroom activities by having teachers share lessons to a building wide YouTube channel. Teachers can post lesson examples to a collective Dropbox account. It is rewarding to watch teachers observing each other and grow from their own colleagues. Encourage everyone to try something new, either on their own or with a group. This next year could be the best yet!

Don't Hammer Screws...Use the Right Tools, Part 1.

Working through adopting a 1:1 laptop campus at our school for 2012-2013, we are coming to terms with the fact that we must begin to shift our thinking about how we teach.  There have been a number of reports lately that point to technology integration boosting test scores. These reports open a whole new can of worms when we begin to think about why we are adopting technology.  Is it because it is in the best interest of our kids? Is it solely to boost test scores? Given the current climate toward standardized tests and NCLB waivers, do we need more of an emphasis on these tests? Less?  I digress...

As I approach thinking about my teaching and shifting my instruction, I am aware that I am engaging in metacognition.  This dimension of thinking is critical to the revised Bloom's Taxonomy. A healthy amount of our discussions in planning professional development has centered on ensuring that educational practitioners are reflective and metacognitive about their teaching. Additionally, we are working to ensure that students are engaging in metacognition as they read for the content areas. In Anderson and Krathwohl's "A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives" metacognition is broken in to three kinds of knowledge: strategic knowledge; knowledge about cognitive tasks, including contextual and conditional knowledge; and self knowledge.

When it comes to a 1:1 computing initiative, strategic knowledge is a basic component.  As defined by Anderson and Krathwohl, "Strategic knowledge is knowledge of the general strategies for learning, thinking, and problem solving" (56). This level of metacognition applies to not only the students but the teachers who are encountering this shift in instruction.  If you are shifting the style of your instruction to include the integration of technology, knowing the strategies for learning including but not limited to mnemonic devices, summarizing, and paraphrasing are helpful in increasing levels of comprehension. Finding the right online tools or software to foster these activities is on the shoulder of teachers when integrating technology.

Perhaps more germane to metacognition and using the right tools in a 1:1 classroom would be the skills for problem solving and thinking that were identified by Anderson and Krathwohl.  When introducing these new 1:1 technologies to students and staff, there is a need to teach our colleagues and students how to think through solving problems. We also need to consider how to use the technology to allow our students to think about problems and develop solutions.  This is a blessing that comes with integrating technology.  We get to break from the comfortable and expand to a new style of teaching.  We can move to the intersection of metacognition and creation, the highest level of thinking our students can operate within.  Likely, some of my colleagues will adopt problem-based learning and use the technology to enhance student competencies within their content area.  Others may find it useful to have the technology as an aide to learning.

Strategic knowledge is simply recognizing the tools you have at your disposal to master learning. If you are using the right tools and letting your students discover the right tools, there will be increased success for all.  Once again, the technology isn't the solution to a problem, but it is a tool by which problems can be solved.      

Works Cited

Anderson, Lorin W., David R. Krathwohl, and Benjamin Samuel Bloom. A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Longman, 2001. Print.